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formation
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The fundamental unit of lithostratigraphy. A body of rock that is sufficiently distinctive and continuous that it can be mapped. In stratigraphy, a formation is a body of strata of predominantly one type or combination of types; multiple formations form groups, and subdivisions of formations are members.
See: differential compaction, formation pressure, geologic map, geostatic pressure, isochore, isopach, lithostatic pressure, permeability, relative age, structure map, tight, trap, underpressure
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A surface land form.
See: geologic map
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A general term for the rock around the borehole. In the context of formation evaluation, the term refers to the volume of rock seen by a measurement made in the borehole, as in a log or a well test. These measurements indicate the physical properties of this volume. Extrapolation of the properties beyond the measurement volume requires a geological model.
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