1. n. [Geophysics]

A periodic vibrational disturbance in which energy is propagated through or on the surface of a medium without translation of the material. Waves can be differentiated by their frequency, amplitude, wavelength and speed of propagation. Seismic waves are waves of elastic energy, such as that transmitted by P-waves and S-waves, in the frequency range of approximately 1 to 100 Hz. Seismic energy is studied by scientists to interpret the composition, fluid content, extent and geometry of rocks in the subsurface.

Wavelength is defined as:

λ = v/f,

where
λ = wavelength
v = speed of propagation
f = frequency.

See: acoustic emission,  body wave,  diffraction,  Fresnel zone,  hertz,  Love wave,  P-wave,  S-wave,  surface wave,  wave,  waveform,  wavefront